2025年6月英語四級考試閱讀題附答案

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　　6月英語四級考試閱讀題附答案 1

　　【閱讀練習】

　　Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always __1__ such people, but I also explain that there’sa big difference between "being a writer" and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of __2__ and fame, notthe long hours alone at a typewriter. "You’ve got to want to write," I say to them, "not want to be a writer."The reality is that writing is a __3__, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there arethousands more whose longing is never __4__. When I left a 20-year career in the US. Coast Guard to become a freelancewriter(自由撰稿人), I had no __5__ at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it was __6__and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and feltlike a __7__ writer.After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to __8__ myself. It was so hard to sell a storythat __9__ made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one ofthose people who die wondering, what if? I would keeo putting my dream to the test----even though it meant living with __10__and fear of failure. This is the Shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream learn to live there.

　　A) barely

　　B) genuine

　　C) rewarded

　　D) doubt

　　E) lonely

　　F) poverty

　　G) persuade

　　H) prospects

　　I) uncertainty

　　J)impossibly

　　K) encourage

　　L)awarded

　　M) alone

　　N)wealth

　　O)cold

　　【答案】

　　1.選K)。 此處應填動詞的原形�？蛇x項有doubt, persuade, encourage, 但由always推知，作者是在鼓勵那些想要成為作家的人，而不是懷疑也不是說服，故排除doubt和persuade而選encourage。

　　2.選N)。由空格后的fame可知，此處應填名詞�？蛇x項有prospects和wealth，但由dreaming of 與第二段中The reality is... poor-paying可推知，那些想當作家的人夢想的是金錢和名譽，而不是前途，故排除prospects而選wealth。

　　3.選E)。此處應填形容詞，private, poor-paying一起修飾affair。選項中有l(wèi)onely和alone,能修飾affair的只有l(wèi)onely,alone表示“孤獨的”時，通常作表語，故排除alone而選lonely。

　　4.選C)。此處應填動詞的被動形式�？蛇x項有rewarded和awarded,前者可表示“(為所希望的舉動得到的)回報”，后者作動詞時表示“頒發(fā)，授予”，故只有rewarded符合題意而排除awarded。

　　5.選H)。此處應填名詞�！爱斘肄o別了我在美國海岸警衛(wèi)隊20年工作成為一個自由撰稿人時，沒有任何......可言”，可選項有prospects和wealth，但wealth一般指抽象意義上的“金錢”，因此排除wealth而選prospects“前途”。

　　6.選O)。it指代的是apartment building，從had no bathroom可知這個公寓條件很差，選項中只有cold能說明公寓的條件差，故選擇O)cold。

　　7.選B)。“我馬上買了一臺舊的手動打字機，感覺自己就好像是一個......的作家”，由前面提到的to become a freelance writer可推知，此處作者是想成為一個真正的作家，故選項中只有g(shù)enuine“真正的`”符合題意。

　　8.選D)。由空格前的to可知，此處應填動詞的原形�？蛇x項有doubt,persuade,encourage,但由still hadn’t gotten a break"在寫作上還沒有任何進展”，所以此處應理解為他開始懷疑自己的選擇是否正確，故doubt符合文意。

　　9.選A)。that從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，后面有made，故此處應填副詞�？蛇x項有barely和impossibly，因that引導的從句是對story的解釋，再由hard一詞可推知，此處應填的副詞應表達肯定的意思，故排除impossibly而選barely“僅僅，剛剛”。

　　10.選I)。由空格后的and可知，此處應填名詞。由fear of failure可知，所填詞應表示不好的境遇，可選項有poverty和uncertainty;又由fear可推知，此處強調(diào)的是生活的變化無常，而不是生活的貧困，故選uncertainty。

　　6月英語四級考試閱讀題附答案 2

　　Not all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery of echolocation (回聲定位) in bats to see a case in which the voice plays a strictly practical role.

　　To get a full appreciation of what this means we must turn first to some recent human inventions. Everyoneknows that if he shouts near a wall or a mountainside, an echo will come back. The further off this solid obstacle, the longer time it will take for the return of the echo. A sound made by tapping on the main body of a ship will be reflected from the sea bottom, and by measuring the time interval between the taps andthe receipt of the echoes the depth of the sea at that point can be calculated. So was born the echo-sounding equipment, now in general use in ships. Every solid object will reflect a sound, varying according to the size and nature of the object. A shoal of fish will do this. So it is a comparatively simple step fromlocating the sea bottom to locating a shoal of fish. With experience, and with improved equipment, it is now possible not only to locate fish but to tell if it is herring, cod, or other well-known fish, by the pattern of its echo.

　　A few years ago it was found that certain bats emit squeaks (吱吱聲) and by receiving ’he echoes they could locate and steer clear of obstacles--or locate flying insects on which they feed. This echolocation in bats is often compared with radar, the principle of which is similar.

　　練習題：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1.The main purpose of this passage is to ______.

　　A. describe that animals can make different sounds

　　B. prove that animals’ voices can play practical roles

　　C. inspire the readers to make more inventions

　　D. startle the readers with some shocking facts

　　2. The discovery of echolocation may help with all of the following EXCEPT

　　A. measuring the depth of the sea

　　B. distinguishing different kinds of fish

　　C. improving the functions of radar

　　D. varying the size and nature of an object

　　3. By saying "A shoal of fish will do this"(Lines 6-7, Para. 2), the author means ________.

　　A. only one special kind of fish can reflect sounds

　　B. only one special kind of fish can be used to help locate a ship

　　C. a large group of fish can reflect sounds

　　D. a large group of fish can be used to help locate a ship

　　4. As it is discussed in the passage, the squeaks of bats can be functionally compared with ________.

　　A. human languages

　　B. a mountainside

　　C. a shoal of fish

　　D. taps on a ship

　　5. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?

　　A. Animals are more intelligent than humans.

　　B. Humans are more intelligent than animals.

　　C. Animals are often compared with human inventions.

　　D. Humans are often inspired by animals.

　　答案解析

　　1.[B] 主旨大意題。文章第1段就點明主題，明確指出以蝙蝠為例，動物發(fā)出的聲音有實際作用，只有B可以概括文章的這個寫作目的。

　　2.[C] 事實細節(jié)題。本題考査列舉處，可用排除法解答。A、B、C在文中都有相關(guān)提及。D利用第2段中的varying制造干擾。在原文中，指的是回聲因障礙物的不同而不同，而D偷換概念、曲解文意，D中的varying為及物動詞，意為“改變”,顯然不可能是回聲定位的發(fā)現(xiàn)帶來的功效。

　　3.[C] 詞義推斷題。本題考查對shoal的.詞義推測及代詞this的理解。依據(jù)第2段最后幾句話,可推測出a shoal of fish指的是“海里的一群魚”;this則是指上一句提到的“任何固體都可以反射聲音”，因此這句話表明一大群魚就能像一個固體一樣反射聲音。

　　4.[D] 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，蝙蝠發(fā)出吱吱聲可以探測障礙物的距離，而第2段也指出輕敲船體可測知海底的距離，因此在功能上,D與蝙蝠的吱吱聲相同。A中的human languages在文中未提到;B和C在文中各自的例子中充當?shù)亩际钦系K物的角色，因此都不正確。

　　5.[D] 推理判斷題。文章先說動物的回聲定位功能,再說到回聲定位探測儀的發(fā)明,由此可見，是動物的某些能力啟發(fā)了人類的創(chuàng)造，因此只有D可從文中推測。文章并沒有從智力方面比較人類和動物，因此可以排除A 和B;盡管文章說到了蝙蝠和雷達的原理相似，但是C中的often一詞無據(jù)可循，且C的說法浮于表面，沒有說到重點，故排除。

　　6月英語四級考試閱讀題附答案 3

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

　　A Grassroots Remedy

　　A) Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they dont run the streets. Every one of the minstinctively heads to the park or the river. It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.

　　B) But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived ( 喪失) , I spent my boyhood climbing trees on Stratham Common, south London. These days, children are robbed of these an cientfreedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.

　　C) The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the U.S. families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD -- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( 多動癥) .Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.

　　D) A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. A U.S. study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school.

　　E) Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等級) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.

　　F) Most bullying (持槍凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) play ground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds mean pleasantly of Sunny hill School in Stratham, with its harsh tarmac, where I used to hang about incomers fantasizing about wildlife. The children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.

　　G) One of the great problems of modem childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.

　　H) The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.

　　I) In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundingsim prove all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behavior are reduced when there is contact with the natural world. Dr. William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of birds, states in his study, "A natural environment can reduce violent behavior because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behavior." Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.

　　J) We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favor that human beings are granting to the natural world. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging. Human beings are a species of mammals (哺乳動物) . For seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with nonhuman life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stoked a cat, sat under a tree with a pint of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that. We need the wild world. It is essential to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without the wild world we are not more but less civilized. Without other living things around us we are less than human.

　　K) Five Ways to Find Harmony with the Natural World Walk: Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof. Get off a stop earlier, make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb.

　　Sit: Take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space. In the garden, anywhere thats not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine. Sit under a tree, look at water, feel refreshed, ever so slightly renewed.

　　Drink: The best way to enjoy the natural world is by oneself; the second best way is in company. Take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering: talk with the sun and the wind with bird-song for background.

　　Learn: Expand your boundaries. Leam five species of bird, five butterflies, five trees, five bird songs. That way, you see and hear more: and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life.

　　Travel: The places you always wanted to visit: by the seaside, in the country, in the hills. Take a week-end break, a day-trip, get out these and do it: for the scenery, for the way through the woods, for the birds, for the bees. Go somewhere special and bring specialness home. It lasts forever, after all.

　　46. The study in Sweden shows that more access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.

　　47. The authors profound belief is that people instinctively seek nature in different ways.

　　48. It can be very helpful to provide more green spaces for children with ADHD.

　　49. Elderly people will enjoy a life of better quality when they contact more with nature.

　　50. Nowadays, people think things that can be bought are best for children, rather than things that can be found.

　　51. Dr. William Bird suggests in his study that access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence.52. According to a study in the U. S. Children with ADHD whose accommodation had more natural views showed much better improvement.

　　53. Children who have chances to explore natural areas are less likely to be involved in bullying.

　　54. We can find harmony with the natural world in various ways, among which there are walking, sitting, drinking, learning and traveling.

　　55. It is extremely harmful to think that humanity and the natural world can be separated.

　　Section B

　　大自然療法

　　A)【47】我們中的大多數(shù)人都套花時間尋求與大自然親近。為此，我們會遛狗，打高爾夫，釣魚，去花園靜坐，在外面喝酒而不是去酒館，去野餐，在郊區(qū)居住，逛海邊以及花錢去鄉(xiāng)村度周末。英國最受歡迎的休閑活動是散步。慢跑者不會在大街上跑步，都會本能地向公園或小河邊跑。我深信，我們不僅需要大自然，而且我們也都在尋覓著大自然，不管我們有沒有認識到這一點。

　　B)盡管如此，我們的孩子們似乎正在喪失自然的天性。我的童年是在倫敦南部的Streatham Common度過的，那時候我很喜歡爬樹�，F(xiàn)如今，孩子們的那些自由已經(jīng)被剝奪了，因為犯罪、交通問題層出不窮，露天場所大量流失，【50】還有一些關(guān)于什么是對孩子們最好的奇怪新觀念，覺得是能買到的東西，而不是可以發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西。

　　C)這一現(xiàn)象在其他地方也得到了證實。美國人做了一項調(diào)查：關(guān)于家庭住房條件的改善對患多動癥的孩子的影響。【52】調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，住在自然風光視野更開闊的房子里的患兒改善了19%，而那些住在物質(zhì)條件得到同等改善，但沒有魅力的自然風景的房于里的患兒僅改善了4%。

　　D)【46】瑞典的一項研究顯示， 在自然環(huán)境中玩要的幼兒園小朋友比在只習慣在正規(guī)運動場玩耍的小朋友少患病，身依也更健康。美國的一項研究也表明，如果學校讓孩子們接觸自然環(huán)境，整個學校的學術(shù)水平也會上一個新臺階。

　　E)另一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，孩子們在自然環(huán)境中玩耍，其表現(xiàn)也不盡相同。在運動場上，孩子們會因體能的差異而形成一種等級秩序，身體結(jié)實的占主導地位。但是，如果在一片種了幾叢灌木的綠草坪上，孩子們的玩耍更多的則和想象力有關(guān)，他們的等級秩序建立在想象力和創(chuàng)造力上。

　　F)【53】大多數(shù)恃強凌弱的現(xiàn)象發(fā)生在有柏油碎石運動場的學校，在鼓勵孩子探索的自然環(huán)境中則很少發(fā)生。這讓我想起了在Streatham的` Sunnyhill學校里的不愉快的經(jīng)歷，學校里有粗糙的柏油碎石路，我常常躲在角落里幻想著外邊的野生動植物。但是，因為健康和安全的原因，擔心孩子們會把自己弄臟或讓自己受傷，他們往往被阻止去接觸自然環(huán)境。結(jié)果，這樣做反而對他們造成了傷害：不是身體上受傷，而是心靈上受傷。

　　G)現(xiàn)代兒童所面臨的最重大的問題之一是多動癥。越來越多的孩子已開始接受貴重的藥物治療�！�48】但是。眾多研究表明，與自然接觸對患有多動癥的孩子最有益。 雖然如此，我們還是把錢花在了藥物上，而非綠色的生活空間上.

　　H)【49】如果老年人有接觸大自然的機會， 他們的生活狀況會明顯改善不少。隨著老年人的增多，我們應該更多地關(guān)注他們的生活質(zhì)量，雨不是生命年限。眾多研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，花園是提高老年人生活質(zhì)量唯一最重要的因素。

　　I) 有證據(jù)顯示，在更加廣闊、更困難的地區(qū)生活時，自然環(huán)境能改善一切事物。甚至在與自然界接觸時，和犯罪和攻擊行為有關(guān)的問題也減少了。英國皇家鳥類保護協(xié)會的研究員William Bird博士在他的研究中有這樣的陳述：【51】“自然環(huán)境能減少暴力行為，因為其恢復過程有助于減少憤怒和沖動�！睘榇�，不管有多大作用，我們都應該多鼓勵人們?nèi)ヒ巴庾咦摺?/p>

　　J) 我們傾向于把自然環(huán)境保護看作是人類賞給大自然的一種恩賜。l551但是，從深層次來理解，這種觀念是不正確的：不僅人類本身就很需要大自然， 而且這種把人類與自然界割裂矛來的觀念是毀滅性的。人類是一種哺乳動物。700萬年來，作為大自然的一部分，他們生活在這個星球上。人類天生眷戀著大自然，也渴望與身邊的其他種類的生命接觸。喜歡逗狗，撫摸小貓，坐樹下喝一品脫啤酒，送人花束或接受花束，以及在天氣好的時候去公園散步的朋友應該很清楚這一點。我們需要大自然，因為它對我們的快樂、健康和幸福至關(guān)重要。沒有大自然，我們的文明只能倒退而無法前進。沒有其他生物圍繞在我們周圍，我們也不能被稱為人類。

　　K)【54】五種與大自然和諧相處的方法

　　散步：打破長久呆在屋檐下的節(jié)奏。提前一站下車，吃午餐時繞公園走一圈，讓孩子徒步上下學，養(yǎng)狗，在流動的空氣中放松自己，觀察，傾聽和吸收。

　　靜坐：經(jīng)常花些時間去露天場所坐一會兒。可以是花園，可以是辦公室之外的其他地方，可以是住所外面的其他地方，總之，是遠離自己日常工作生活的地方。坐在樹下，看看水面，感覺神清氣爽，如此也略微恢復了精神。

　　喝酒：享受大自然最好的方式是一個人欣賞，其次是找個人陪同。和好朋友在外面喝一杯，好好聚一次：談天論地，以陽光和風中的鳥聲做伴。

　　學習：擴大你的知識面。了解五種鳥類，五種蝴蝶，五種樹木和五類鳥聲。通過這種方式，你看多、聽多了之后，心靈也會漸漸對生活中更多的自然現(xiàn)象作出反應。

　　旅行：去你一直想去的地方：海邊，鄉(xiāng)下或小山坡。周末可以抽一天去那里，為觀風景，為走那條林間小道，為聽鳥兒的歡聲笑語，為看成群的蜜蜂。去一個特殊的地方，帶特別的東西回來。畢竟，它會持續(xù)很久。

　　46.The study in Sweden shows that more access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.瑞典的研究說明更多接觸大自然讓孩子更可能少生病。

　　【解析】 D)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵詞a study in Sweden定位至D)段首句。瑞典的一項研究顯示，在自然環(huán)境中玩耍的幼兒園小朋友比在只習慣在正規(guī)運動場玩耍的小朋友少患病，身體也更健康。

　　47.The author’S profound belief is that people instinctively seek nature in different ways.作者深信人們本能地會通過各種方式尋找大自然。

　　【解析】A)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)句中的“the author’s profound belief"可定位至文章A)段末句。作者深信人類不僅需要大自然，而且都在尋覓著大自然。

　　48.It can be very helpful to provide more green spaces for children with ADHD.給多動癥兒童提供更多綠色的生活空間會對他們大有幫助。

　　【解析】 G)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵詞children with ADHD和green spaces可定位至G)段倒數(shù)兩句。但是，眾多研究表明，與自然接觸對患有多動癥的孩子最有益。雖然如此，我們還是把錢花在了藥物上，而非綠色的生活空間上。

　　49.Elderly people will enjoy a life of beber quality when they contact more with nature.老年人多接觸自然可享受優(yōu)質(zhì)生活。

　　【解析】 H)歸納題。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵詞elderly people可定位至H)段。“如果老年人有接觸大自然的機會，他們的生活狀況會明顯改善不少。隨著老年人的增多，我們應該更多地關(guān)注他們的生活質(zhì)量，而不是生命年限。眾多研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，花園是提高老年人生活質(zhì)量唯一最重要的因素。”句中是對此段的簡要歸納。

　　50.Nowadays，people think things that can be bought are best for children，rather than things that Can be found.如今，人們覺得可以買到的東西對孩子最好，而不是可以發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西。

　　【解析】B)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵詞things that Can be bough found和best for children可定位至B)段末句。還有一些關(guān)于什么是對孩子們最好的奇怪新觀念，覺得是能買到的東西，而不是可以發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西。

　　51.Dr.William Bird suggests in his study that access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence.William Bird博士在研究中提到接近大自然有助于減少暴力行為。

　　【解析】 I)細節(jié)題。由句中的Dr.William Bird定位至I)段倒數(shù)第二句。他在研究中提出這樣的觀點：自然環(huán)境能減少暴力行為，因為其恢復過程有助于減少憤怒和沖動。

　　52.According to a study in the U.S.Children with ADHD whose accommodation had more natural views showedmuch beRer improvement.

　　美國一項研究顯示：住在自然風光視野更開闊的房子里的多動癥兒童進步幅度更大。

　　【解析】 C)推理題。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵詞a study in the U.S.定位至C)段。該段指出調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，住在自然風光視野更開闊的房子里的患兒改善了19%，而那些住在物質(zhì)條件得到同等改善，但沒有美麗的自然風景的房子里的患兒僅改善了4%。由此可以推演出：住在自然風光視野更開闊的房子里的多動癥兒童進步幅度更大。

　　53.Children who have chances to explore natural areas are less likely to be involved in bullying.

　　有機會探索自然界的孩子不太可能恃強凌弱。

　　【解析】 F)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵詞explore natural areas定位至F)段首句。大多數(shù)恃強凌弱的現(xiàn)象發(fā)生在有柏油碎石運動場的學校，在鼓勵孩子探索的自然環(huán)境中則很少發(fā)生。

　　54.We can find harmony with the natural world in various ways，among which there are walking，sitting，drinking，learning andtravelin9.與自然和諧相處方式多多，比如：散步、靜坐、暢飲、學習和旅行。

　　【解析】 K)歸納題。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵詞find harmony with the natural world可定位至K)段末段。該段列舉與自然和諧相處的方式，而句中是對整段的概括。

　　55.It is extremely harmful to think that humanity and the natural world can be separated.

　　人類和自然世界可以分離，這種想法是非常有害的。

　　【解析】 J)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵詞humanity and the natural和separated定位至J)段第二句。原句為“but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damagin9”(而這種把人類與自然界割裂開來的觀念是毀滅性的。)

　　6月英語四級考試閱讀題附答案 4

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

　　The most important thing in the news last week was the rising discussion in Nashville about the educational needs of children. The shorthand(簡寫)educators use for this is "pre-K"—meaning instruction before kindergarten—and the big idea is to prepare 4-year-olds and even younger kids to be ready to succeed on their K-12 journey.

　　But it gets complicated. The concept has multiple forms, and scholars and policymakers argue about the shape, scope and cost of the ideal program.

　　The federal Head Start program, launched 50 years ago, has served more than 30 million children. It was based on concepts developed at Vanderbilt Universitys Peabody College by Susan Gray, the legendary pioneer in early childhood education research.

　　A new Peabody study of the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-K program reports that pre-K works, but the gains are not sustained through the third grade. It seems to me this highlights quality issues in elementary schools more than pre-K, and indicates longer-term success must connect pre-K with all the other issues, related to educating a child.

　　Pre-K is controversial. Some critics say it is a luxury and shouldnt be free to families able to pay. Pre-K advocates insist it is proven and will succeed if integrated with the rest of the childs schooling. I lean toward the latter view.

　　This is, in any case, the right conversation to be having now as Mayor Megan Barry takes office. She was the first candidate to speak out for strong pre-K programming. The important thing is for all of us to keep in mind the real goal and the longer, bigger picture.

　　The weight of the evidence is on the side of pre-K that early intervention (干預)works. What government has not yet found is the political will to put that understanding into full practice with a sequence of smart schooling that provides the early foundation.

　　For this purpose, our schools need both the talent and the organization to educate each child who arrives at the schoolhouse door. Some show up ready, but many do not at this critical time when young brains are developing rapidly.

　　51.What does the author say about pre-kindergarten education?

　　A.It should cater to the needs of individual children.

　　B.It is essential to a persons future academic success.

　　C.Scholars and policymakers have different opinions about it.

　　D.Parents regard it as the first phase of childrens development.

　　52.What does the new Peabody study find?

　　A.Pre-K achievements usually do not last long.

　　B.The third grade marks a new phase of learning.

　　C.The third grade is critical to childrens development.

　　D.Quality has not been the top concern of pre-K programs.

　　53.When does the author think pre-K works the best?

　　A.When it is accessible to kids of all families.

　　B.When it is made part of kids education.

　　C.When it is no longer considered a luxury.

　　D.When it is made fun and enjoyable to kids.

　　54.What do we learn about Mayor Megan Barry?

　　A.She knows the real goal of education.

　　B.She is a mayor of insight and vision.

　　C.She has once run a pre-K program.

　　D.She is a firm supporter of pre-K.

　　55.What does the author think is critical to kids education?

　　A.Teaching method.

　　B.Kids interest.

　　C.Early intervention.

　　D.Parents involvement.

　　參考答案：

　　Passage Two

　　51. 正確選項 C。Scholars and policymakers have different opinions about it.

　　52. 正確選項A。Pre-K achievements usually do not last long.

　　53. 正確選項B。When it is made part of kids’education.

　　54. 正確選項D。She is a firm supporter of pre-K

　　55. 正確選項C。Early intervention.

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