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2023中考英語知識點數(shù)詞
上學期間,大家都沒少背知識點吧?知識點是知識中的最小單位,最具體的內(nèi)容,有時候也叫“考點”。哪些知識點能夠真正幫助到我們呢?以下是小編精心整理的2023中考英語知識點數(shù)詞,歡迎大家借鑒與參考,希望對大家有所幫助。
中考英語知識點數(shù)詞 1
、.直擊中考
數(shù)詞分為兩種:基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞,表示人或事物數(shù)量多少的數(shù)詞,叫基數(shù)詞,如one,two,three,ten;表示人或事物的順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞,如first,second,third,fourth等。在中考中主要考查的是:
(1)基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞、分數(shù)詞、小數(shù)、百分數(shù)、倍數(shù)的表達;
(2)日期、時刻、年代、年齡的表示法;
(3)掌握表數(shù)目的名詞(如dozen,score,hundred,thousand,million等)的有關(guān)用法,以及“許多”的表示法。平時備考時,考生應將用基數(shù)詞或序數(shù)詞表示物的正確形式加以對比、歸納、總結(jié)、熟練掌握以及牢記常用的數(shù)位名詞所表示的數(shù)目大小等。
、.知識精講
1)數(shù)詞知識結(jié)構(gòu)
2)數(shù)詞知識點剖析:
A.基數(shù)詞
1.基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及讀法
①1-12的構(gòu)成為獨立單詞
、13-19的構(gòu)成都以后綴-teen結(jié)尾,但thirteen,fifteen,eighteen為不規(guī)則變化
③20-90的構(gòu)成都以后綴-ty結(jié)尾,但twenty,thirty,forty,eighty為不規(guī)則變化
、21-99的構(gòu)成是在十位數(shù)和個位數(shù)之間加連字符-25 twenty-five
、萑粩(shù)101-999的構(gòu)成要注意百位數(shù)和十位數(shù)(個位數(shù))之間用and連接。 nine hundred and one
、抻⒄Z中沒有“萬”這個單位,1000以上而不到100萬的數(shù)詞都用thousand表示
⑦百萬 1,000,000:one (a) million
、嗲f 10,000,000:ten million
、醿| 100,000,000:one (a) hundred million
⑩十億 1,000,000,000:one (a) thousandmillion(等于美國英語a billion)
注:英語數(shù)字中,只有hundred后才加and
2.基數(shù)詞的作用
①作主語Two of the girls are from California.姑娘中有兩個來自加州。
②作表語He is a little over five.他才五歲多一點。
、圩髻e語Give me two.給我兩個。
、茏鞫ㄕZThe river is about eighty miles long.這條河大約八十英尺長。
⑤作同位語You two take these seats.你們兩個坐這里。
3.基數(shù)詞的特殊用法
(1)表示“幾十年代”或“幾十歲”時,用逢十的基數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式。如:
in the1990s 20世紀90年代;in ones twenties在某人20多歲時
(2)用在習語中。如:in twos and threes三三兩兩地
4.基數(shù)詞的注意事項
(1)幾十幾的基數(shù)詞的十位數(shù)與個位數(shù)之間要用連字符"-"連接。如:
eighty-five85;twenty-six 26
(2)三位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞須在百位和十位(若無十位則和個位)之間用and連接。如:three hundred and sixty-five 365;two hundred and six 206
(3)基數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式。當基數(shù)詞hundred,thousand,million,billion等詞前有具體數(shù)詞或several修飾時,必須用單數(shù)。如:
severalhundred years ago幾百年前;twothousand students兩千個學生
B.序數(shù)詞
1.序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成
、傩驍(shù)詞多數(shù)由"基數(shù)詞-th"構(gòu)成,序數(shù)詞前一般加定冠詞the
、谏贁(shù)序數(shù)詞構(gòu)成屬特殊情況
One-first two-second three-thirdfive-fifth
、垡詙結(jié)尾的十位整數(shù),先將y改為i,再加-eththirty-thirtieth
、21以上的多位數(shù),要將末位數(shù)改為序數(shù)詞,前面其他位數(shù)仍用基數(shù)詞eighty-three—eighty-third
⑤序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式由阿拉伯數(shù)字加序數(shù)詞的后兩個字母構(gòu)成
first-1st second-2nd
2.序數(shù)詞的用法
、僮髦髡ZThe third of the month was a holiday.
、谧鞅碚ZWho was the third?
、圩鞫ㄕZWe live on the fifth floor.
、茏髻e語I was among the first to learn of this.
、葑魍徽ZWho is that man,thefirst in the front row?
、拮鳡钫ZWhen did you first meet him?
注:有時序數(shù)詞并不指順序,而是表示“再一,又一”的意思。此時序數(shù)詞前要加不定冠詞I want to make a second try.
3.序數(shù)詞的應用
序數(shù)詞應注意的幾點事項:
1.多位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞時,只需將末位基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞,前邊的基數(shù)詞不變。如:
forty-two 42 forty-second第42
nine-hundred 900 nine-hundredth第900
2.當序數(shù)詞用阿拉伯數(shù)字表示時,必須在數(shù)字后加上序數(shù)詞的最后兩個字母。
如:21st第21;32nd第32
3.序數(shù)詞前一般要用定冠詞the,如果序數(shù)詞前用a或an時,則表示“又一;再一”(沒有具體范圍的限制)。如:
Though he had failed twice,he wanted to try a third time.
The little monkey had had three apples,and he wanted to eat a fourth one.
C.數(shù)詞表示方法
1.年、月、日、時的寫法和讀法
、俦硎救掌谟眯驍(shù)詞,前面加定冠詞
3月8日 March the eighth
、 年份一般分為兩部分讀,先讀前兩位數(shù),再讀后兩位數(shù)
1949 nineteenforty-nine
、 以上時間合在一起的寫法
1955年10月1日上午10點 10:00 a.m.October 1st,1955
2.分數(shù)的表示法
分數(shù)由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞構(gòu)成,基數(shù)詞代表分子,序數(shù)詞代表分母,除了分子為1的情況,序數(shù)詞都要用復數(shù)形式。帶分數(shù)中的整數(shù)用基數(shù)詞表示,并用and和分數(shù)隔開。
14 one-fourths 3-25 three and two-fifths
3.小數(shù)、百分數(shù)的表示
1)小數(shù)的表示6.4 six point four
2)表示百分數(shù)用"基數(shù)詞+percent(per cent)"形式50% fifty percent
4.年份和日期
1)年份的讀法為每兩位數(shù)讀一個詞。
如:1950讀作nineteen fifty
1800讀作eighteen hundred
2000讀作two thousand
2)日期的讀法有兩種
(1)先月后日,日子要讀成序數(shù)詞。
如:9月29日可讀作September(the) twenty-ninth
(2)先日后月,在月份之前加Of。
如:9月29日也可讀作thetwenty-ninth of September
3)年月日同時出現(xiàn),年代放在最后,年代前用逗號隔開。
如:2005年2月1日可寫成the first ofFebruary ,2005或February( the) first,2005
5.時間和鐘點
6:00讀作six (oclock)
7:30讀作seven thirty/half past seven
9:45讀作nine forty-five/a quarter to ten
2:15讀作two fifteen/a quarter past two
6.編號的表達
1)事物名詞(不加冠詞)+基數(shù)詞。
如:Lesson One,Part Three,ChannelFive,Gate Nine,World War Ⅱ
2)定冠詞+序數(shù)詞+事物名詞。
如:the first lesson,the third part,thefifth channel,the ninth gate,
7.加減乘除的英語表達
plus/and加,minus減,time/multiplied by乘,divided by除。如:
1)12 +8=? How much is twelve plus/and eight?
2)40—11=29,F(xiàn)ortyminus eleven is/equals twenty nine.
3)3×6 =18, Three times six is/equals eighteen.
4)56÷7=? How much is fifty-six divided by seven?
Ⅲ.精選易錯試題
1.Every year,_____ people go to visit their factory.
A.a thousand of
B.thousands
C.thousand of
D.thousands of
答案:D
解析:數(shù)詞hundred,thousand,million等后面跟of時,要變復數(shù)。排除C。thousand前接具體數(shù)字時,后面不能跟of,排除A。thousands后要加of,排除B 故選D
2.Tomhas just finished writing a _________ article.
A.nine-hundred-words
B.nine-hundreds-word
C.nine-hundred-word
D.nine-hundreds-words
答案:C
解析:考查復合形容詞。帶連詞符的名詞不加s。故選C
3._______people lost their homes in Japan’s earthquake.
A.Two thousands
B.Thousand
C.Thousands of
D.Thousand of
答案:C
解析:hundred,thousand 如果有具體數(shù)字修飾,用單數(shù)形式,表示具體數(shù)目。表示約數(shù)時,用hundreds of ,thousands of 的形式,表示“成百上千的”,“成千上萬的”。句意:在日本地震中上千人失去了家園。故選C
4.Lastyear,I visited a chemical factory in Baise,there are about _____ workers in it.
A.six thousands
B.six thousand
C.six thousands of
D.six thousand of
答案:B
解析:thousands of 前面不加具體數(shù)詞。故排除A 、C。thousand前接具體數(shù)字時,后面不能跟of,故排除D !傲と恕钡恼_表達是“six thousand workers”。故選B
5.About_______ofthe students in our class were born in the____.
A.two-thirds,1990s
B.two-thirds,1990
C.two-third,1990s
答案:A
解析:分數(shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞,分母為序數(shù)詞。分子不是一的,分母序數(shù)詞加S。表示年代的要在后面加“s”。故選A
6.—How often do you exercise?
—__________.
A.Two B.Twice C.Second
答案:B
解析:two二,為基數(shù)詞;twice兩次;second第二,為序數(shù)詞。根據(jù)問句“你多久鍛煉一次?”故選B
7.Theteacher said that__ of the boys would take part in the talent show.
A.three five
B.three fives
C.thirds fifths
D.three fifths
答案:D
解析:分數(shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞,當分子不是一的時候,分母要用序數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式。故選D
8.Tomorrowis the boy’s ________ birthday.
A.seventh
B.seven
C.seventeen
答案:A
解析:說某某人的第幾歲生日時,要用序數(shù)詞。B和C都是基數(shù)詞,故選A
9.—Whichis the biggest number of the four?
—_________.
A.One-third
B.Two-thirds
C.A half
D.A quarter
答案:C
解析:本題考查分數(shù)比值的大小。通過對比可知.故選C
10.—Excuseme,where can I buy a jacket?
—Youcan go to the Mens Wear Section on the_________ floor.
A.two B.twice C.second
答案:C
解析:序數(shù)詞的考查。The后面接序數(shù)詞,意為“第……”.故選C
11.Now,everybody,please turn to Page ________ and look at the ________picture.
A.Fifth;five
B.Five;fifth
C.Fifth;fifth
D.Five;five
答案:B
解析:數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞;鶖(shù)詞前沒有冠詞,序數(shù)詞前有定冠詞the。故選B
12.I don’t believe that this _____ boy canpaint such a nice picture.
A.five years old
B.five-years-old
C.five-year-old
答案:C
解析:five-year-old 這類復合詞可以用作形容詞,作前置定語。連字符號中間的名字要用單數(shù)。故選C
13.Footballis so exciting that _____ people in the world play it.
A.million of
B.millions of
C.two millions of
答案:B
解析:當million與具體的數(shù)字連用時,用單數(shù),而且其后也不接of;當millions不與具體數(shù)字連用,而是表示不確定的泛指數(shù)時,則不僅要用復數(shù),而且要后接of,然后才能接名詞。
14.—Which room do they live in?
—They live in _________.
A.406 Room
B.The Room 406
C.Room 406
D.the 406 Room
答案:C
解析:表示編號用 名詞+基數(shù)詞。故選C
15.—How was your day off yesterday?
—Perfect! It was my grandma’s ________birthday.We had a big cake.
A.eighty
B.eightieth
C.the eightieth
答案:B
解析:考查數(shù)詞的用法。表示“某人多大生日”應該使用序數(shù)詞,且不需要使用定冠詞。故選B
中考英語知識點數(shù)詞 2
一、基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞
1. 基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的表達方法:
基數(shù)詞是用于表示數(shù)目的多少的詞。序數(shù)詞是表示順序的先后的詞。兩者之間可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換。如:
one----first
two---- second
three----third
four----fourth
five----fifth
nine----ninth
eleven----eleventh
twelve----twelfth
thirteen----thirteenth
fourteen----fourteenth
fifteen----fifteenth
twenty----twentieth
twenty-one----twenty-first
twenty-two----twenty-second
twenty-three----twenty-third
twenty-nine----twenty-ninth
thirty----thirtieth
thirty-nine---- thirty-ninth
forty----fortieth
forty-nine----forty-ninth
fifty----fiftieth
fifty-nine----fifty-ninth
ninety-nine----ninety-ninth
2.序數(shù)詞的用法(舉例)
1)經(jīng)常在其前加the。如:
My brother is the twenty-ninth(二十九) in his class.
我的哥哥在他們班是第29。
His birthday is on April the fifth.
他的生日在4月5號。
2)前面不加the。
(表示比賽名次時)如:
She is first in the math exam.
她在數(shù)學考試中得了第一。
I won first in the match.
我在比賽中贏了第一。
。ㄐ驍(shù)詞前有其它修飾詞時)如:
my first son
我的第一個兒子
I will have my sixteenth (十六)birthday.
我將會過16歲生日。
(用a修飾,表示又一次,再一次)如:
Have a third try, you will do it well.
再試一次,你將會做得好。
3. 數(shù)字的讀法。如:
322 three hundred and twenty-two
45,682 forty-five thousand six hundred and eighty-two
二、分數(shù)
1.分數(shù)表達法:
分數(shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞。當分子是1時,分母用單數(shù);當分子是復數(shù)時,分母用復數(shù)。分子和分母之間可以加連字符號,也可以不加。如:
1)three fourths = three quarters四分之三
2)one fourth = a quarter 四分之一
3)five eighths; five-eighths八分之五
2.分數(shù)的用法:
分數(shù)修飾名詞時,經(jīng)常在其后加of the。分數(shù)做主語,謂語要和分數(shù)修飾的名詞保持一致。如:
1)Twothirds of the students are running.
2/3的學生正在跑。
2)Two thirds of the apple goes bad.
這個蘋果的2/3壞了。
三、百分比
1.百分比表達法。如:
five percent 5%
2. 百分比的用法:
百分比修飾名詞時,經(jīng)常在其后加of the。百分比做主語,謂語要和分數(shù)修飾的名詞保持一致。如:
1)Sixty percent of the students go to school by bus.
60%的學生坐公共汽車上學。
2)Sixty percent of the waterhas been drunk already.
60%的水已經(jīng)被喝了。
四、hundred, thousand, million, billion的用法:
hundreds of
成百上千
thousands of
成千上萬
millions of
上百萬
four hundred (and) fifty-sixbooks
456本書
four hundredbooks
400本書
五、時間表達法
1.當分鐘數(shù)少于30時,用past。如:
6:05 six o five/ five minutes past six
7:10 seven ten/ ten past seven
8:15 eight fifteen/ a quarter past eight
2.當分鐘數(shù)等于30時,用half past。如:
11:30 eleven thirty/ half past eleven
3.當分鐘數(shù)大于30時,用to,分鐘數(shù)用60減去原分鐘數(shù),小時數(shù)用原小時數(shù)加上1。如:
12:35 twelve thirty-five/ twenty-five to one
4.在鐘點前用介詞at。如:at half past six 在六點半
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