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專(zhuān)八的改錯(cuò)練習(xí)題（附答案）
改錯(cuò)是專(zhuān)八的基本題型之一，改錯(cuò)是大家從小就開(kāi)始接觸的，但是這不意味著每個(gè)人都能拿到理想的分?jǐn)?shù)。下面小編為大家送上兩篇專(zhuān)八的改錯(cuò)練習(xí)題。
專(zhuān)八的改錯(cuò)練習(xí)題一
More than 2,000 years ago, the philosopher socrateswandered around athens asking questions, anapproach to find truth that thinkers venerated eversince.(1)____(2)____ in modem times, the socraticmethod was adapted for use in universities andbecame the dominant form of instruction forstudents learning philosophy and the law. the mostrecently national survey on the subject found that 97% of law-school professors use thesocratic method in first-year classes.(3)____ socratic dialogues seem to work for the ancientgreeks.(4)____ are they efficient for people today?(5)____ recently, a group of researchersdecided to find out.
In a study published in the december 2011 issue of the journal mind, brain, and education, fourcognitive scientists from argentina describe what happened when they asked contemporaryhigh school and college students a series of questions identified to those posed by socrates.(6)____ in one of his most famous lessons, socrates showed a young slave boy with a square,then led him through a series of 50 questions intended to teach the boy how to draw thesecond square with an area twice as large as the first.(7)____ students in the 2011 experiment,led by researcher andrea goldin, gave answers astonishing similar to those offered by socrates'pupils, even making the same mistakes he made.(8)____(9)____ " our results show that thesocratic dialogue is built on a strong intuition of human knowledge and reasoning whichpersist more than twenty-four centuries after its conception," the researchers write.(10)____their findings, goldin and his co-authors add, demonstrate the existence of "human cognitiveuniversalstraversing time and cultures. "
答案詳解
1.find→finding詞匯錯(cuò)誤。approach作名詞的用法是approach to sth/doing sth; to是介詞，后面應(yīng)該接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，表示“做某事的途徑，方法”。
2.∧venerated→have語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。ever since意為“從那時(shí)起”，通常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，故此句的時(shí)態(tài)要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，應(yīng)在venerated前加have。
3.recently→recent語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。此處所修飾的是名詞survey(調(diào)查)，而前面又有副詞most修飾，所以應(yīng)該用形容詞形式recent。
4.seem→seemed語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。本句中的ancient greeks暗示蘇格拉底的對(duì)話式教學(xué)方法對(duì)古希臘人是有效的，這是對(duì)過(guò)去事物的描述，所以動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。
5.efficient→effective詞匯錯(cuò)誤。上一句提到了蘇格拉底的對(duì)話式教學(xué)方法對(duì)古希臘凡是有救的，本句要表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)該是“那這種方法對(duì)現(xiàn)代人是否有效呢?”此處應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)這種方法的“有效性”而不是“高教性”，故應(yīng)用effective。
6.identified→identical。identified意為“被識(shí)別的，被認(rèn)可的”，用在此處解釋不通。identical to是固定搭配，意為“同樣的，與……相同的”，此句的`大意是“四位科學(xué)家向我們描述當(dāng)代高中生和大學(xué)生在被問(wèn)及當(dāng)年蘇格拉底曾提出的相類(lèi)似的問(wèn)題時(shí)，發(fā)生了什么情況?”
7.with→with語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。動(dòng)詞show后面接雙賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為show sb. sth.或者show sth to sb.，所以此處應(yīng)刪掉介詞with。
8.astonishing→astonishingly語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。此處修飾的是形容詞similar，所以應(yīng)該用副詞形式astonishingly。
9.pupils→pupil語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。此處pupil所指的就是上文出現(xiàn)的a young slave boy.而不是泛指socrates的一些學(xué)生，所以應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)下文出現(xiàn)的he也可知此娃同指上文的the boy。
10. persist→persists語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。persist的主語(yǔ)which所代替的先行詞是a strong intuition，是一個(gè)單數(shù)概念的詞，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)形式。
專(zhuān)八的改錯(cuò)練習(xí)題二
Arabic language is one of the world's most widely used languages. it is the officer language of many arab nations in the middle east and northern africa.(1)____ there are two types of arabic, spoken and written spoken arabic comprises of dialects ill different areas of the arabic-speaking world.(2)____these dialects can be rough divided into gulf, iraqi, levantine, maghrebi, north egyptian, saudi, south egyptian and sudanase and tunisian.(3)____ these dialect areas can be subdivided farther.(4)____ written arabic serves as the standard written language of all arab nations. it is the descendant of the language of the quran, the scared book of the islamic religion.(5)____ arabs use a spoken form of written arabic for radio and tv news broadcasts, and in plays and motion pictures. this form also serves as a common spoken language for arabs who speaks different dialects. arabic belongs to the semitic language groups, and is thus related to hebrew and ethiopic.(6)____ the arabic alphabet has 28 symbols. the alphabet is written from right to left or from the top of the page to the bottom. the alphabet appears in the aiphabet article.
No one knows when arabic originally developed, and people of the arabian peninsula were the first use it. during the ad.(7)____(8)____ 600s, islam spread throughout south western asia and northern africa, and the arabic language was introduced in these areas. since the mid-1900s, many arab countries have played increasingly important role in world affairs.(9)____ in a result, arabic has become a major language in international business and politics.(10)____
答案詳解
1.officer→official詞匯錯(cuò)誤。officer意為“長(zhǎng)官，官員”，用于此處，句意不通。“官方語(yǔ)言”應(yīng)用officiallanguage來(lái)表示，故將officer改為official。
2.of→of或comprises→consists詞匯錯(cuò)誤。comprise為及物動(dòng)詞，表示“由……組成”，后面不需要跟介詞of，故將of刪除。此外，consists of也表示“由……組成”，因此本題也可將comprises改為consists。
3.rough→roughly詞匯錯(cuò)誤。形容詞rough不能修飾動(dòng)詞divided，故此處需將形容詞rough改為副詞形式roughly，表示“粗略地，大致地”。
4.farther→further詞匯錯(cuò)誤。farther意為“更遠(yuǎn)的”，通常用以表示具體地理空間的距離，用于此處，明顯不妥。只有further可用以表示抽象意義的“更加”或“進(jìn)一步”的意思，故此處需要用further。
5.scared→sacred詞匯錯(cuò)誤。逗號(hào)后面的the...book是作quran(古蘭經(jīng))的同位語(yǔ)，對(duì)其進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。過(guò)去分詞scared作形容詞表示“害怕的”，而形容詞sacred意為“神圣的”，古蘭經(jīng)是伊斯蘭宗教中的圣書(shū)，故用sacred符合語(yǔ)義。
6.speaks→speak語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾arabs，根據(jù)主謂一致的原則，此處動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該配合復(fù)數(shù)名詞arabs而改為復(fù)數(shù)形式speak。
7.and→but語(yǔ)篇錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)句意“沒(méi)人知道阿拉伯語(yǔ)最初發(fā)展于何時(shí)”以及“阿拉伯半島的人最先使用它”，可看出兩個(gè)分句之間并非是并列關(guān)系，而是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故將and改為but。
8. first∧→to語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。在people...use it中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為were，故use不能用動(dòng)詞原形，只能用動(dòng)詞的.非謂語(yǔ)形式。此處在use前加to.用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)修飾the first，表示“最先使用阿拉伯語(yǔ)的人”，符合上下文語(yǔ)義。
9.played∧→an詞匯錯(cuò)誤。play a role in...是固定搭配，意為“在……方面起作用”。此處的played后面缺少不定冠詞，且由于increasingly是以元音開(kāi)頭的詞，故需要在played后加上不定冠詞an。
10.in→as詞匯錯(cuò)誤。as a result為固定搭配，意為“作為結(jié)果，因此”，故將in改為as。此處意為“因此，阿拉伯語(yǔ)已經(jīng)成為目前國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治中使用的一門(mén)主要語(yǔ)言。”
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