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限制性定語(yǔ)從句的例句
限定性定語(yǔ)從句是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中從句的一種，是定語(yǔ)從句的分支之一。
限制性定語(yǔ)從句的例句
1.窗戶朝南的那間房間是我的。
The room whose window faces south is mine.=The room of which the window faces south is mine.
1. 整座城市躺在廢墟中，其中百分子75的工廠和大樓消失不見了。 The whole city, 75% of whose factories and buildings were gone, lay in ruins.
2. 我們公司有2000工人，三分之二是女工。
Our company has 2000 workers, of whom two thirds/ two thirds of whom are women.
3. 那些被困在廢墟里的人已經(jīng)得救了。
Those who were trapped under the ruins finally got rescued.
4. 你們剛才談?wù)摰哪菆?chǎng)地震好可怕呀！
The earthquake that you were talking about sounded frightening/shocking.=The earthquake about which you were talking sounded frightening.
5. 我的家人都是音樂愛好者，今晚將去看電影。
My family, all of whom are music lovers, are going to the movie tonight.
6. 我們正在看的這幢大樓過(guò)去曾經(jīng)是一家醫(yī)院。
The building which we are looking at used to be a hospital.
7. 約翰向母親說(shuō)起過(guò)把他在國(guó)外見過(guò)的人和城市。
John once talked to his mom about the people and cities that he had visited abroad.
8. 他是去過(guò)倫敦的一位以觀光者之一。
He is one of the tourists who have been to London.
9. 他是這些觀光者當(dāng)中唯一去過(guò)倫敦的。
He is the only one of the visitors that/who has been to London.
10. 這就是你們上個(gè)禮拜參觀過(guò)的學(xué)校嗎？
Is this the school that you visited last Sunday?
11. 這所學(xué)校就是你們上個(gè)禮拜參觀過(guò)的.那所嗎？
Is this school the one that you visited last Sunday?
12. 他們?cè)?jīng)居住過(guò)的是在這個(gè)地方里。
It is in this place that he once lived.
13. 這是他們?cè)?jīng)住過(guò)的地址。
It is the place where he once lived.
14. 他有兩個(gè)兒子，每一位都看起來(lái)像他。
He has two sons, either of whom looks like him.
15. 他有連個(gè)兒子，并且每一個(gè)都看起來(lái)像他。
He has two sons, and either of them looks like him.
16. 這是一本封面是藍(lán)色的書。
17. This is a book whose cover is blue.=This is a book,of which the cover is blue=This is a book,the cover of which is blue.
18. 他不說(shuō)令她生氣的話。He said nothing that made her angry.
19. 那就是他拒絕在會(huì)上發(fā)言的理由。That was the reason why/for which he refused to speak at the meeting. =That was the reason which/that he refused to speak for at the meeting.
20. 那就是前幾天麥克給我的理由。
That was the reason that/which Mac gave me.
限制性與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句區(qū)別
一、在句中作用不同
限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)被修飾的先行詞有限定制約作用,使該詞的含義更具體,更明確。限制性定語(yǔ)從句不能被省略,否則句意就不完整。
非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞關(guān)系不十分密切,只是對(duì)其作一些附加說(shuō)明,不起限定制約作用。如果將非限制性定語(yǔ)從句省去,主句的意義仍然完整。
二、外在表現(xiàn)形式不同
限制性定語(yǔ)從句因與先行詞關(guān)系密切,所以不可以用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開;而非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞關(guān)系不十分密切,所以可用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開。
例 1. Do you remember the girl who taught us English?
你還記得教我們英語(yǔ)的那個(gè)女孩嗎?
例 2. Clock is a kind of instrument which can tell people time.
鐘是一種能夠告訴人們時(shí)間的儀器。
例 3. This is the place where he used to live.
這就是他過(guò)去居住的地方。
例 4. Mr. Zhang, who came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of mine.
張先生昨天來(lái)看我,他是我的一位朋友。
例 5. We walked down the village street, where they were having market day.
我們沿著村里的大街向前走去,村民們正在那里趕集。
析:在前三個(gè)例句中,定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞關(guān)系密切,為限制性定語(yǔ)從句,不可用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開。在后兩個(gè)例句中,定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞關(guān)系不密切,為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,可用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開。
三、先行詞內(nèi)容有所不同
大多數(shù)限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞往往為某一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ),而特殊情況下非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞也可為整個(gè)主句,此時(shí)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句常由 which 引導(dǎo)。
例 1. A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much.
一個(gè)中年女子殺害了自己的丈夫,這令我十分恐懼。
析:由語(yǔ)境可知,令“我”恐懼的內(nèi)容應(yīng)為“中年女子殺害了自己的丈夫”這整個(gè)一件事,因此先行詞為整個(gè)主句,此時(shí)應(yīng)由 which 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
例 2. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present.
一個(gè)五歲男孩會(huì)講兩門外語(yǔ),這令所有在場(chǎng)的人感到非常驚訝。
析:由語(yǔ)境可知,令所有在場(chǎng)的人感到驚訝的內(nèi)容是“一個(gè)五歲男孩會(huì)講兩門外語(yǔ)”這整個(gè)一件事,因此先行詞為整個(gè)主句,此時(shí)應(yīng)由 which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
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